Washington MCLE - Tax Law Courses
Washington MCLE
Accreditation Info
Courses purchased through UnitedCLE.com are provided and fully accredited by The National Academy of Continuing Legal Education, a Washington State Bar Accredited CLE Sponsor. To view our full accreditation details please .
-
Guardianships: How to Plan for the Unplanned
Life is full of the unexpected. And while it would seem impossible to plan for all contingencies, we can certainly plan for some. This CLE course will offer attorneys guidelines to assist clients in preparing for the unexpected such as with health care proxies, wills, and ultimate power of attorneys (POA). The course will explain the consequences of neglecting to put these measures in place, including the need for guardianship petitions. The course will extend the discussion to determining the... More Info
$551.75Law & Legal Proc. -
Qualified Opportunity Zones: Second Round of Proposed Regulations Edition
The Qualified Opportunity Zone program, introduced as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, is a revolutionary approach to spurring private investment in economically distressed areas. The QOZ initiative allows taxpayers to seize an unprecedented slate of benefits, including complete exclusion of investment profits from income taxation. This presentation will explore how you can take advantage of this historic program and stay in compliance so the stupendous tax advantages don’t fall by the way... More Info
$551.75Law & Legal Proc. -
International Taxation: Introduction to U.S. Transfer Pricing, Part II
The statutory and regulatory history of US price controlled transactions between controlled taxpayers involving intangible property is a fascinating field of study. This CLE course will explore this issue as well as the new provisions signed into law by the Tax Cuts & Jobs Act. The course will explain the concepts surrounding intangible property that inform the US transfer pricing between the IRS and taxpayers and the IRS and outside government with whom we maintain tax treaties including comm... More Info
$552Law & Legal Proc. -
International Taxation: Introduction to U.S. Transfer Pricing, Part I
US Transfer Pricing has long history in the US both from the regulatory and statutory perspectives. This CLE course will explore this history as well as the overall concepts that guide the US transfer pricing between the IRS and taxpayers and the IRS and government with whom we maintain tax treaties. The course will include explanations of the various concepts including the arm’s length standard, control, best method rule, formulary apportionment, comparability and reliability. The course will... More Info
$551.5Law & Legal Proc. -
Planning for Business Exits from C Corporations: Intra-Family Business Transactions and Other Developments
The Code Sec. 1202 exclusion for the gain on the sale of stock has gained increased attention from the Lower C corporation income tax rates. This CLE course will explain how this exclusion works, how it impacts a C corporation’s business structure, how it can be applied when a business changes from another entity to a C corporation and how it might compare to exit strategies of other businesses. The course will also explain how to shift to a partnership status from a corporate one after the ta... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Family Meetings and Legacy Planning
A family meeting is a critical aspect of a family’s success in legacy building. It is a key element to provide education and trust-building through a commitment to the process which enables interdependence and practiced group decision-making. This CLE course will explain family meetings, their importance, how they’re run and what should be addressed in order to decrease family erosion as a result of estate plans and ensure growing wealth in the process. More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Foreign Investment in U.S. Residential Property: Tax Pitfalls and Structuring Solutions
Without advance planning, even the savviest investor can find themselves facing severe tax consequences. And while many foreigners believe that the United States poses the ideal place for real estate investment, few are fully versed in the potential tax ramifications. This CLE course, presented by Eli Akhavan, will explain the potential pitfalls of owning real estate in the US as well as the variety of planning structures to avoid adverse taxes. The course will also review reporting requireme... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
LIHTC & Affordable Housing
With cities experiencing a staggering population explosion, the number of affordable housing units has dwindled. To address the issue, the federal government created the LIHTC program, which has financed and built nearly 100,000 affordable units each year since it was launched. The project dramatically increases the number of affordable units, generating over $3.5 billion in tax revenue. This CLE course will explain how the program operates and what differentiates it from other programs. The... More Info
$291.25Law & Legal Proc. -
Tax, Financial and Legal Implications of Elder Care Planning
This CLE course will address Medicaid and Elder Care planning In light of various tax, legal and financial considerations in the coming year. The course will discuss asset and income requirements for long term Medicaid eligibility, as well as the tax issues that tend to arise in the context of elder care planning including basis issues and real estate tax exemptions. More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Estate Administration, Estate Planning and Lien Resolution Basics for Personal Injury Attorneys
There is a complex set of requirements for establishing an estate fiduciary in order to continue to pursue personal injury and/or wrongful death actions. This CLE course will offer personal injury attorneys with a basic understanding of the estate administration requirements as well as insight into the ramifications of a case settlement for personal injury and\or wrongful death. The course will also explain the basics of resolving outstanding liens as part of such a settlement. More Info
$551.75Law & Legal Proc. -
1031 Exchanges And The DST: What Attorneys Need to Know
IRC Section 1031 is a useful tool for owners of investment properties. This CLE course will explain how to take advantage of IRC section 1031 as well as the impact of COVID-19 on deadlines and the advantages of investing through Delaware Statutory Trusts. The course will present how 1031 exchanges have evolved and how to analyze the recent IRS notice 2020-23 on active and upcoming exchanges. More Info
$552Law & Legal Proc. -
The State Tax Man Cometh Knocking: South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc. & the Rapidly Evolving State & Local Tax Environment
The Supreme Court decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc. altered the state tax environment for businesses. As a result the state tax authorities began to aggressively pursue out-of-state sellers and often applied their laws to tax periods prior to the decision. Sales tax are not the only type impacted; gross receipts, income taxes and digital taxes are as well. This CLE course will explain the changing definitions and developments as well as the current laws and how to prepare clie... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
An Attorney’s Guide to IRS Practices and Procedures
The IRS is famous for its complexity. This CLE course will explain everything you need to know about practices and procedures including the basic requirements of an audit, appeals and tax court processes. The significance of Notices of Deficiency and successful strategies for representing you client during the IRS process will be presented. More Info
$291.25Law & Legal Proc. -
Financial Planning for Lawyers
Financial planning is about more than just retirement. This CLE course will address a variety of financial planning issues such as student loan debt, taxes, financial aid eligibility, and salary disbursement. The course will discuss the interrelationships between these factors and how to create annual budgets that account for them. Tax reduction strategies, family planning, loan repayment, planning for aging parents and estate planning will all be presented. More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Key Federal & State Estate Planning Considerations and Opportunities
This CLE course will provide a comprehensive overview of the best estate-planning strategies. The course will look at the issues from both a state and trust situs perspective, as well as from a federal standpoint, and will present how potential future changes in the tax law may impact the area. More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Basics of IRA Taxation & Investment Rules
All IRA’s follow a system of basic taxation rules. These apply to Traditional IRA’s, Roth IRA’s, SEP IRA’s and SIMPLE IRA’s. This CLE course will offer a detailed overview of these rules as well as the prohibited transaction and unrelated taxable income rules that may apply to retirement accounts. The course will present the history of the US retirement system as well as the contribution, distribution and other tax rules that relate to specific IRA’s. An investigation of investment tre... More Info
$551.5Law & Legal Proc. -
Performing Tax Research Like a Pro: What Attorneys Need to Know
Navigating through authoritative primary federal tax material requires preparation and skill. This CLE course will provide all of that and more by explaining how to navigate tax research software as well as legal research software, and write clear and convincing tax memoranda. The course will serve to allay Law Librarian Julius Marke’s fear that law students would “lift” priceless legal materials from the stacks of the library and never return them. More Info
$1073.5Law & Legal Proc. -
New York’s Brand-New Power of Attorney
Recently new Power of Attorney laws came into effect. In this comprehensive CLE course, Elizabeth Forspan, Esq. of Forspan Klear LLP will explain the primary changes to the POA form and how to plan in accordance with these new changes. The course will review key items to include when preparing new Power of Attorney forms. More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
International Joint Ventures: Problems, Solutions and Approaches
The legal issues surrounding cross-border joint ventures (JVs) can be somewhat complex. This CLE course will address all the basics such as purpose, management, governance and capital contributions. The course will also cover veto rights, profit distributions, transfer restrictions, minority protections and dispute resolution specifically within the context of international or cross-border ventures which means that cultural and foreign law issues, international taxation, profit repatri... More Info
$551.75Law & Legal Proc. -
Ethical Considerations for Counseling IRC Section 1031 Exchanges
With a focus on the Rules of Professional Conduct as they relate to 1031 Exchanges, this CLE course will address scope of representation, competency, issues related to conflict of interest and selection considerations of the Qualified Intermediary. Related case studies will be presented throughout. More Info
$341Ethics Credit -
The Patent Process for the Curious: What Lawyers Need to Know
Patent law is one of the lesser known areas of law, in particular from a procedural standpoint. Special licensing and exclusive exams, as well as an undergraduate degree in science or engineering, dictate who can practice patent law and only practitioners will have real in-depth knowledge. With only about 40,000 active practitioners in the US, course work in the field is extremely limited. Regardless, it isn’t uncommon for an attorney with little or no background in patent prosecution... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Transfer Pricing for Multinationals: Practical Insights for Attorneys
Amongst the many challenging tax issues facing multinational companies today, transfer pricing is by far the most contentious and the most expensive. Faced with the competing requirements of the IRS and international tax authorities, many companies are struggling to navigate the issue. This informative CLE course will explain how attorneys can practically and properly identify and assess client global transfer pricing issues. The course will review the requirements of Section 6662 docu... More Info
$551.5Law & Legal Proc. -
Representing the Founders and Initial Investors in a Startup Technology Company
The start-up phase of a technology company requires the assembly of a management team, the development and testing of products and services, marketing strategies and intellectual property research. Most importantly, it is when the initial capital is raised. This entertaining CLE presentation whose fast-pace mirrors the frenetic energy of start-ups will present the most common corporate, securities and tax law issues that are involved when representing start-up founders or early-stage i... More Info
$551.5Law & Legal Proc. -
How The New Proposed Tax Bill Can Impact Your Retirement Account
The recent tax proposal released by the House Ways & Means Committee has a huge impact on retirement accounts. This informative CLE course will provide details to key provisions of the proposal including the $10m retirement account cap, the elimination of Backdoor Roth IRA and of Mega Backdoor Roth IRA’s. Other provisions to be discussed include: Asset holding prohibitions Investment using IRA’s in entities for which you are an owner Statute of limitations extensions And more More Info
$291.25Law & Legal Proc. -
Return to Office: Employment Tax Considerations
The post-COVID world has companies completely re-imagining workplaces, whether actual or virtual. This CLE course will explain various fringe benefits of a distributed or hybrid workforce, including employment tax benefits and those being offered real-time to motivate workers to return to offices or remain in place. The course will cover guidance from the IRS and various states on how to manage the complexities of these tax issued both in regards to reporting and withholding for employ... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
The Regulation of Private and Foreign Funds in the Age of Cryptocurrency
Cryptocurrency has transformed the way we think about investing. This CLE course will offer a comprehensive overview of the regulatory system as it applies to private and foreign investment funds and how it has been dramatically altered by the rise in cryptocurrency. The course will open with a historical overview of applicable regulation including the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Investment Company Act, the Investment Advisers Act, the Dodd-Frank Ac... More Info
$551.5Law & Legal Proc. -
GRAT and Valuation Planning After CCA 202152018: What Practitioners Need to Know
The CCA 202152018, released at the end of 2021, addresses the valuation challenge regarding the consideration that should be given to a potential sale when valuing an asset. Its impact on grantor retained annuity trusts (GRATs) and how an appraiser valuates the implications of a potential sale from no sale, conversations with buyers, letters of intent, binding contracts and so forth across the continuum. The recent changes place a possible sale fairly close to an actual sale in the pro... More Info
$291.25Law & Legal Proc. -
Bitcoin: Time For Lawyers To Take A Byte
With the emergence of blockchain technology, the Internet of Value has replaced the Internet of Information and the Internet of Things. It has thoroughly transformed our economic system with cryptocurrency being the hottest topic in financial news. The ethical issues involved however, have barely been discussed. This CLE course will address the opportunities as well as the risks for lawyers in the cryptocurrency and blockchain space. The course will offer an overview as well as... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Split-Dollar Life Insurance Planning After the Levine Case
In Marion Levine v. Commr. 158 T.C., a resounding victory was recently given to a taxpayer who pursued what many view as an aggressive spit-dollar life insurance plan for the purpose of minimizing estate taxes. This CLE course will explain the case and split-dollar planning as well as review prior cases that were decided against other taxpayers who used similar techniques. The course will explain what the taxpayer did right in the Levine case, the mistakes made in prior cases and how a... More Info
$291.25Law & Legal Proc. -
Advanced 1031 Exchange Topics: Reverse and Improvement Transactions
With a specific focus on Rev. Proc. 2000-37 – Reverse Exchanges, this CLE course will look closely at some of the more advanced aspects of 1031 Exchanges. The course will present different types of “parking” transactions including those related to improvement exchanges. Various strategies for consideration as they relate to partnership issues, which is often the result of 1031 Exchanges, will be discussed. More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Hot Topics in Municipal Securities and Other Fixed Income
There have been a variety of recent enforcement actions related to municipal securities (e.g. 529 Plans, municipal short positions), fixed-income related rulemaking, examination priorities and other typical problems that are revealed during Member Supervision and Market Regulations reviews. This CLE course, presented by FINRA and MSRB staff, will explain recent enforcement actions on muni shorts and 529’s as well as address a variety of topics related to municipal securities and recent... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Legal Ethics in Tax Practice
Tax law comes with its own unique challenges and characteristics. It is distinguished from other areas both by the technical aspects of the discipline as well as the ethical standards involved. Beyond ethics codes governing individual states and the ABA Model Rules, tax lawyers are also subject to IRS Circular 230 and must navigate the Internal Revenue Code’s myriad penalties. When it comes to opinion practice, tax attorneys often look to relevant Treasury Regulations which provides a... More Info
$341Ethics Credit -
What You and Your Clients Need to Know About the USPTO’s Post-Registration Audit
Deadwood refers to registration for marks that are not in use in commerce. Over the past few years, removing this deadwood from the Trademark Register has become an important priority for the USPTO. In recent years they instituted a permanent post-registration audit program requiring trademark registration filing a Declaration of Use to submit proof of use for two additional items in each class beyond the product for which a specimen was submitted. This CLE course will explain the post... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
"Sweat Equity" in Small Businesses and Venture Startups: The Legal and Tax Issues
Issuing shares that are (nearly) tax-free is relatively simple when a small business or start-up first launches. When a shareholder or LLC member receives “sweat equity” or shares in exchange for labor, the tax and legal issues become a bit more complicated. This entertaining, fast-paced CLE course will explain the issues of treating “sweat equity” workers as regular employees as opposed to independent contractors, as well as explain the use of restricted stock, options, warrants and o... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Citizenship and Residence: Prerequisites to Extra Territorial Taxation
This comprehensive CLE course will examine the many jurisdictional bases for the imposition of tax on extra-territorial income. The course will focus on natural persons and the meanings that are typically ascribed to the variety of bases for the code. The course will cover state statutes as well as some countries’, residence status for the purpose of tax treaties, dual residents, the planning for and acquisition of status, planning for and relinquishing status, expatriation, and the e... More Info
$551.5Law & Legal Proc. -
Hot Topics in Employment Law Since #MeToo
The beginning of the #MeToo movement can ostensibly be traced to when the New York Times published a bombshell expose that revealed decades of abuse and sexual harassment by Harvey Weinstein, a previously untouchable Hollywood mogul. The article, entitled Harvey Weinstein Paid Off Sexual Harassment Accusers for Decades, quotes a partner of the instructors' firm. Five years later, the #MeToo movement, a name inspired by sexual assault survivor and activist Tarana Burke, who years earlier h... More Info
$552Law & Legal Proc. -
The Secure ACT: Five Key Considerations
This CLE course will explain the SECURE Act (Setting Every Community Up For Retirement Enhancement) and its impact on the nation’s retirement system. The course will address the five main focus areas of the SECURE Act and how, as an attorney, the law may affect your financial plan. The course will cover topics such as the new age requirements for RMD’s and age limitations on traditional IRA’s, distribution options for beneficiaries, flexibility and options with regards to 529 p... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Complexities of Acquiring Control: Where the Fed’s Control Rule Meets Other Regulatory Definitions
The Federal Reserve’s finalized revisions to determining one company’s control over another for purposes of the Bank Holding Company Act and the Home Owners’ Loan Act have been completed and though the final rule codified existing control standards, it simultaneously introduced new concepts and raised critical questions about the industry. Since these revisions, the industry has continued to grapple with how these revisions should be applied, particularly as it applies to contractual r... More Info
$551.5Law & Legal Proc. -
New Marijuana Legislation & Vehicular Search & Seizures: Lingering Odor Of Marijuana as Probable Cause & Residue
The New NYS Marijuana Legislation, also known as the Marijuana Regulation and Taxation Act, offers tools for criminal defense attorneys under the new search and seizure protections allowing probable cause to conduct a search of a vehicle as a result of an alleged marijuana odor. This CLE course will review the new legislation and the tools it offers, focusing primarily on the recent case of Police Department v. Xavier J. Williams; Joan R. Salzman, Administrative Law Judge, which applie... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Legal Issues for Growing Cannabis at Home
The Marijuana Regulation and Tax Act legalized cannabis in New York. Cannabis advocates successfully fought for the inclusion of home cultivation in the new law against the lobbying of the New York Medical Cannabis Industry and other trade groups. Since then, the cannabis industry has expanded exponentially, and while home grow does not get the attention of more commercial methods, it is one of the industry’s fastest growing sectors. This CLE course will review the laws that... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Estate Planning: Common Issues; Practical Answers
Practitioners across all disciplines are no strangers to complaints about grantor trusts, and it's likely that such grievances will continue to arise. Grantor trusts have become a cornerstone of most contemporary estate plans. One of the many "benefits" of grantor trusts is that the individual who establishes the trust, known as the settlor, is responsible for paying income tax on any income earned within the trust. This is an excellent strategy for accelerating the growth of trust assets and... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Move to Florida, Home in Florida, or Snowbird: What Estate Planning Attorneys Need to Know
This CLE presentation will delve into the various legal and planning considerations that are important to anyone who has moved to, or is contemplating moving to Florida, or owns a second home in Florida. The presentation will cover a wide range of topics, such as the criteria for appointing a personal representative of a Floridian’s estate, the homestead protection available in Florida, and how to take advantage of it. Additionally, the presentation will discuss the language that can b... More Info
$551.5Law & Legal Proc. -
Pitfalls To Avoid When Real Estate and Matrimonial Issues Collide
Matrimonial law requires attorneys to possess a wide breadth of knowledge since it intersects with many other areas of laws including immigration, contracts, criminal law, property, insurance, trusts, estates and taxes. The place where matrimonial and real estate law overlap is particularly complex and fascinating. Divorcing couples typically jointly own at least one piece of property, usually the marital residence, though some couples may own many properties. From rental properties,... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Navigating the SEC and CFTC Whistleblowing Programs
Whistleblower programs are not a particularly well known or understood feature of the various entities which have them, including the SEC, IRS and CFTC. This CLE course will present an overview of these programs including eligibility, anonymity and the whistleblower process. The course will review the steps needed to file a claim with each agency and explain how claims are analyzed. The course will then delve deeper into the various ambiguities in the whistleblower awards process and p... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
How to Prepare for Long-Term Care Costs
The demographics of aging has an impact on many areas of law, including insurance law. This CLE course will discuss the impact on wealth transfer as well as other issues that arise from using long-term care insurance to provide for aging individuals. The course will address the various tax opportunities available to business owners who seek to protect themselves and their families by leveraging their businesses. The course will also cover Medicaid planning and other products that addre... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Business Valuation for Attorneys
There is a valuation process that takes place with every client, and determining the value of a client’s business or business interest is often critical to meeting their needs and can impact the outcome of their case. Valuation is therefore crucial to a variety of legal issues such as divorce, estate planning, partnership disputes, sales and other transactions. This CLE course will offer a review of the potential needs and basic tenets of valuations. The course will explain the options... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Tax Consequences of Retiring or Selling Your Law Practice
This CLE course will address the tax consequences of retiring or leaving a law firm or professional partnership such as an LLC or PLLC. The course will present the issue through the lens of the recent Tax Court decision to provide guidance and point out potential tax traps. The course will also analyze practice goodwill and client-based intangible assets. The course will also include the applicable provisions that can be applied to sales and redemptions. More Info
$551.5Law & Legal Proc. -
Common Issues with Navigating the Changing Landscape of Multistate Taxation of Crypto Currency & Crypto Based Companies
State Taxation varies across US states. The State and Local Tax (SALT) levels in particular are different for every jurisdiction with their own tax code and tax treatment for different types of applications. For example, the revenue from a particular company is classified in California may vary widely from how it is viewed in Texas. The US Supreme Court, citing the Commerce Clause and various other constitutional considerations, places limitations on a state’s power to tax. One of these rela... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
The Nuts and Bolts of Guardianships
Guardianship proceedings differ from advanced directives such as health care proxies and powers of attorney. This CLE course will address the basics of guardianship proceedings, also known as conservatorships in some states, when such proceedings should be commenced and what courts look for in these proceedings. The course will also explain the Uniform Health Care Decisions Act, which was passed in many states and explain a variety of issues related to guardianships/conservatorships th... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
1031 Exchanges: Ethical Considerations
Navigating 1031 Exchanges can be intricate, and this in-depth CLE course is designed to unravel the complexities. This course will elucidate optimal strategies and a diverse range of ethical considerations associated with 1031 Exchanges. The agenda encompasses key aspects such as Qualifying Property, Scope of Representation, Conflicts of Interest, Identification, Qualified Intermediaries, and additional relevant topics. More Info
$341Ethics Credit -
Unusually Important Federal Tax Cases: What Attorneys Need to Know
This CLE program delves into six recent federal taxation cases that hold significant importance for tax attorneys. It offers valuable insights for business law attorneys navigating the complexities of federal taxation. By examining court opinions, participants will gain an understanding of how federal tax law evolves in contrast to legislative and regulatory processes. The cases discussed in this program encompass various taxation topics including: Valuation of family-held S corporat... More Info
$552Law & Legal Proc. -
Tax Law Logic for Non Tax Lawyers
The subject of taxes is a universal legal issue. Whether you pay taxes, file for taxes or are subject to others who do, it’s imperative to understand the foundation upon which determination will be made on what is owed, when it is due, or whether a crime has been committed. These issues are determined by tax law and tax assessments, which are based on principles that provide that foundation and a clear understanding of these is necessary for testing and protecting one’s own tax positions as we... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
The Mathematics of Estate Tax Planning
There are vast differences in how the federal estate tax varies depending on the financial dynamics that apply to each family. These are both influenced by and impact growth, values, spending, income tax rates, discounts, and many others. Any attempt to apply common strategies without being specific to the parties involved will result in less-than-optimal planning results as well as unnecessary federal estate tax payments. More problematic is the failure to consider income tax implication... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
The Mathematics of Charitable Planning
Giving funds to charities helps people, communities and causes, and also helps the giver, saving tax dollars and providing recognition and security. Making charitable giving a part of a client’s plan can be a useful tool for tax, estate and charitable planners. The most popular techniques for tax and charitable benefits include: Charitable Remainder Trusts Charitable Lead Annuity Trusts Qualified Charitable Dispositions of IRAs Transfer of Remainder Interests This infor... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc. -
Protecting Your Family Home Through Trusts
As seniors age, they may face urgent needs for long-term nursing home care without having sufficient private funds or long-term care insurance to cover the costs. Often, their primary asset is their home, leading to the misconception that selling it and using the proceeds for care is the only solution. This CLE course will explore strategies to preserve this valuable asset for the Medicaid applicant and their loved ones. We will delve into the benefits of exempt transfers and the use o... More Info
$291Law & Legal Proc.